This is what I eventually went with;
# Rewrite for new language based urls
# This is to try and get all current pages going to /en/(old url) with a 301 redirect
RewriteCond $1 !\.(gif|jpe?g|png|ico|js)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/(index\.php|en)(/.*)?$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /en/$1 [R=301,L]
# Removes index.php
RewriteCond $1 !\.(gif|jpe?g|png|ico)$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L]
I'm sure that could be refined a fair bit as there is some duplication but it works so I'm happy with it for now as it is a temporary requirement.