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I'm trying to make sure I understand the scope of {layout:set} variables, compared to how embeds work.

Traditionally, variables set with an {embed="template_group/template variable="foo"} are only accessible one level deep, directly within the embedded template.

Now let's talk layouts.

We have at minimum 2 layout templates: layouts/global & layouts/master.

For the sake of this questions, let's say I have a blog/index template that extends layouts/master and layouts/master extends layouts/global

blog/index:

 {layout="layouts/master"}

 {layout:set name="title"}Blog Title | {site_name}{/layout:set}

    {exp:channel:entries channel="blog"}

        All the blog content here...

    {/exp:channel:entries}

layouts/master:

{layout="layouts/global"}

{embed="embeds/masthead"}

{layout:contents}

{embed="embeds/footer"}

layouts/global:

<html>
    <head>
        <title>{layout:title}</title>
    </head>

     <body>   

         {layout:contents}

    </body>
</html>

The question I'd like clarity on (that my tests confirm) is this: Will the the {layout:title} variable be available within the layouts/global template regardless of where it's set, or do I have to redefine it within the layouts/master template, the way that you have to do if you were nesting embeds and passing variables?

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From my own testing, the value set for the {layout:title} variable will cascade back through the layout templates to the outermost layout. So if you set it in a nested template or a template that ultimately uses the global layout, then the value of the variable will be available to the global layout.

If you set the {layout:title} variable in a nested template (e.g. blog/index in your example) then redefine it in the layouts/master template, the value set in layouts/master template will be the one that is presented to the global layout.

Note that you can use this to extend the value of the variable like this:

blog/index :

{layout="layouts/master"}

{layout:set name="title"}Blog Title{/layout:set}

{exp:channel:entries channel="blog"}

    All the blog content here...

{/exp:channel:entries}

layouts/master :

{layout="layouts/global"}

{layout:set name="title"}{layout:title} | {site_name}{/layout:set}

{embed="embeds/masthead"}

{layout:contents}

{embed="embeds/footer"}

layouts/global :

<html>
  <head>
    <title>{layout:title}</title>
  </head>

   <body>   

     {layout:contents}

  </body>
</html>

would result in the following:

    <title>Blog Title | Site Name</title>
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